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consent and approbation of the Cherokees, the former, as a minister of the gospel; the latter, as an instructor of the Cherokee youth: and they were thus peaceably and usefully employed, to the great content and satisfaction of the Cherokees, when, in July 1831, they were arrested within that territory by the officers of the State of Georgia, conducted by an armed guard to the Court of Gwinnett County in that State, and there put upon their trial, on the charge of residing within the Cherokee territory, without the authority of the State of Georgia and in violation of a pretended law of that State. In their defence, they filed separate special pleas, setting forth the facts above mentioned, and in those pleas they rely on various treaties subsisting between the Cherokee nation and the United States, on the Constitution of the United States, and on the Intercourse Act of 1802, to all of which they insist that the law of Georgia is repugnant, and, therefore, unconstitutional and void. The State Court of Georgia over-ruled these pleas, and sentenced them, severally, to four years' imprisonment in the penitentiary of Georgia, where these pious and virtuous men are not suffering the execution of this disgraceful sentence, among the common convicts of the State. The 25th Section of the Judiciary act, gives a writ of error to the Supreme Court of the United States from the final sentence of a State Court, in all cases where the validity of a State law has been drawn in question on the ground of repugnance to a treaty, law, or the Constitution of the United States. The validity of a State law was drawn into question, on all these grounds in the case of Messr Worcester & Butter, and the only question before the Supreme Court was whether the alleged repugnance existed. The Court, in a most able opinion, decide that the law of Georgia is repugnant to the Constitution, treaties and laws of the United States, and that the Sentence which had been pronounced under the authority of the State law, ought, therefore, to be reversed and annulled. Proceeding to render such judgment as the State Court ought to have rendered, they further adjudge that the special plea filed by the defendants is a good and sufficient plea in bar to the indictment, that all proceedings on the indictment do thenceforth surcease, and that the defendants be dismissed therefrom, and go thereof quit, without day. They send down a Special