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Below these in the hierarchy were the Scandinavians, French Canadians, Balkans and Poles. Many of them illiterate. The woodsmen were signed up for a winter in the woods much as members of a crew are registered for a cruise, and were bedded and fed in the logging camps until the spring dive was over. Since they had no use for money the Company kept accounts for each man and paid them all when they got down out of the woods. Many of the lumberjacks went to Chicago with their winters pay to spend it among the red lights of the big city, however, the paternal hand did not stop from their heaving shoulders and the paternal voice instructed them to present themselves each morning in the Chicago Offices of their Company to receive that part of their wages which was considered safe for them to lose in twenty four hours of drinking and whoring. The violence and sordidness of these seasonal recreations led to the building of a